[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fKphhLCMmWz65sOmGQAw9R8SiIR7yaX9XnyxmTDgYWYw":3,"$f1bukl7V_fmawwOQLDl38WKcoLWeA1pFCmKME43Vdq0s":83},{"id":4,"title":5,"visible":6,"description":7,"coverUrl":8,"pageCount":9,"publishYear":10,"isbn":11,"language":12,"avgRating":13,"ratingsCount":6,"reviewsCount":14,"readsCount":15,"views":16,"shelvesCount":15,"hasEbook":17,"ebookType":18,"visibleEbook":14,"hasEpub":17,"epubUrl":18,"author":19,"translators":18,"editors":18,"category":18,"publisher":22,"publishers":25,"reviews":27,"authorBio":28,"quotes":32,"relatedBooks":33},256733,"اللغة و سلوك الإنسان",1,"According to Bickerton, the behavioral sciences have failed to give an adequate account of human nature at least partly because of the conjunction and mutual reinforcement of two widespread beliefs: that language is simply a means of communication and that human intelligence is the result of the rapid growth and unusual size of human brains. Bickerton argues that each of the properties distinguishing human intelligence and consciousness from that of other animals can be shown to derive straightforwardly from properties of language. In essence, language arose as a representational system, not a means of communication or a skill, and not a product of culture but an evolutionary adaptation. The author stresses the necessity of viewing intelligence in evolutionary terms, seeing it not as problem solving but as a way of maintaining homeostasis - the preservation of those conditions most favorable to an organism, the optimal achievable conditions for survival and well-being. The term protolanguage is used to describe the stringing together of symbols that prehuman hominids employed. \"It did not allow them to turn today's imagination into tomorrow's fact. But it is just this power to transform imagination into fact that distinguishes human behavior from that of our ancestral species, and indeed from that of all other species. It is exactly what enables us to change our behavior, or invent vast ranges of new behavior, practically overnight, with no concomitant genetic changes.\" Language and Human Behavior should be of interest to anyone in the behavioral and evolutionary sciences and to all those concerned with the role of language in human behavior.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F400x600\u002FBooks\u002FMar19\u002Fraffy.ws_2567333376521553146075.jpg",220,2001,"0","ar",4,0,2,458,false,null,{"id":20,"nameAr":21},62763,"محمد زياد كبة",{"id":23,"nameAr":24},24707,"دار جامعة الملك سعود للنشر",[26],{"id":23,"nameAr":24},[],{"id":20,"name":21,"avatarUrl":29,"bio":30,"bioShort":31},"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F100x100\u002FUploads\u002FNov2020\u002FAuthor\u002F62763\u002Fmedia\u002F128838\u002Fraffy-ws-1553146197-Mohammad-Ziyad-Kibbehpng","الدكتور محمد زياد يحيى كبة من مواليد سوريا 1951، حاصل على الدكتوراه في \nاللسانيات من (جامعة لندن) 1979، وهو عضو العديد من الجمعيات العلمية \nوالمهنية، واشرف على العديد من الرسائل الجامعية، كما حصل على «جائزة مؤسسة\n الكويت للتقدُّم العلمي» في حقل الترجمة عام 2002، وله العديد من الكتب \nالمنشورة.","الدكتور محمد زياد يحيى كبة من مواليد سوريا 1951، حاصل على الدكتوراه في \nاللسانيات من (جامعة لندن) 1979، وهو عضو العديد من الجمعيات العلمية \nوالمهنية، واشرف على العديد من الرسائل الجامعية، كما حصل على ",[],[34,40,46,52,59,65,71,77],{"id":35,"title":36,"coverUrl":37,"authorName":38,"avgRating":13,"views":39},237991,"الغصن الذهبي","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FJun11Feb16\u002Fraffy.ws_2379911997321431736585.png"," جيمس فريزر",745,{"id":41,"title":42,"coverUrl":43,"authorName":44,"avgRating":14,"views":45},256736,"الثروة واقتصاد المعرفة","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FMar19\u002Fraffy.ws_2567366376521553146892.jpg","ألفين توفلر",484,{"id":47,"title":48,"coverUrl":49,"authorName":50,"avgRating":13,"views":51},256734,"أوتولاين والقطة الصفراء","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FMar19\u002Fraffy.ws_2567344376521553146096.jpg","كريس ريدل",438,{"id":53,"title":54,"coverUrl":55,"authorName":56,"avgRating":57,"views":58},256735,"ما قبل الهيمنة الأوروبية: النظام العالمي بين  1250 - 1350","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FMar19\u002Fraffy.ws_2567355376521553146237.jpg","جانيت أبو لغد",3,430,{"id":60,"title":61,"coverUrl":62,"authorName":63,"avgRating":57,"views":64},246654,"النفايات","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FAug17\u002Fraffy.ws_2466544566421502525798.jpg","جون سكانلان",391,{"id":66,"title":67,"coverUrl":68,"authorName":69,"avgRating":14,"views":70},256729,"الأعشاب","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FMar19\u002Fraffy.ws_2567299276521553144353.jpg","ستيفن هاريس",387,{"id":72,"title":73,"coverUrl":74,"authorName":75,"avgRating":14,"views":76},446986,"ما قبل الهيمنة الأوروبية النظام العالمي بين 1250 و1350م","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002Fbulk-covers\u002Fsab15741-20016188.webp","محمد زياد كبــة",70,{"id":78,"title":79,"coverUrl":80,"authorName":81,"avgRating":14,"views":82},455198,"اللغة والدماغ","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002Fbulk-covers\u002Fsab20788-20021086.jpg","لورين أوبلر",61,{"books":84},[85,87,88,89,90,92,93,99],{"id":60,"title":61,"coverUrl":62,"authorName":63,"ratingsCount":14,"readsCount":15,"views":86},505,{"id":35,"title":36,"coverUrl":37,"authorName":38,"ratingsCount":6,"readsCount":15,"views":39},{"id":47,"title":48,"coverUrl":49,"authorName":50,"ratingsCount":6,"readsCount":15,"views":51},{"id":53,"title":54,"coverUrl":55,"authorName":56,"ratingsCount":14,"readsCount":6,"views":58},{"id":66,"title":67,"coverUrl":68,"authorName":69,"ratingsCount":14,"readsCount":14,"views":91},435,{"id":41,"title":42,"coverUrl":43,"authorName":44,"ratingsCount":14,"readsCount":14,"views":45},{"id":94,"title":95,"coverUrl":96,"authorName":97,"ratingsCount":14,"readsCount":14,"views":98},393861,"مجمع الابتكار ؛ المدن والتقنية والاقتصاد الجديد","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002Fbulk-covers\u002Faeb458857-10460556.jpg","شارون زوكين",452,{"id":100,"title":101,"coverUrl":102,"authorName":103,"ratingsCount":104,"readsCount":105,"views":106},93,"حياة في الإدارة","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.raffy.me\u002Fresize\u002F200x300\u002FBooks\u002FJun11Feb16\u002F2011-10-20-00-40-554e9fb7dcad76f.jpg","غازي القصيبي",133,374,18546]